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植物生态学是生态学的重要分支学科，研究植物与环境（生物与非生物）之间的相互作用关系， 揭示植物个体、种群、群落及生态系统层面的分布格局、适应机制和动态变化规律。 其核心目标是理解植物如何响应环境变化，以及植物如何塑造其所处的生态系统。
植物通过多种方式实现生态分化，以适应不同环境并减少种间竞争
土壤微生物群落作为陆地生物地球化学循环的关键组成部分，在维持滨海湿地生态系统功能中发挥着至关重要的作用。然而，关于滨海湿地土壤细菌群落的组成特征、构建过程和结构动态如何响应植被演替和非本地植物入侵，仍缺乏系统认知。山东大学郭卫华团队以黄河三角洲滨海湿地为研究对象，通过对比分析典型植物演替序列与入侵植物互花米草（Spartina alterniflora）群落的土壤样本，进行了土壤理化性质和细菌群落特征分析，相关结果近期发表在Frontiers in Microbiology上。
竞争型、耐受型和杂草型策略（CSR）已被广泛应用于解释物种间的生态过程。然而，其在揭示种内权衡和气候遗传适应方面的作用尚不明确。
Biodiversity is considered important to the mitigation of global change impacts on ecosystem multifunctionality in terrestrial ecosystems. However, potential mechanisms through which biodiversity maintains ecosystem multifunctionality under global change remain unclear. We grew 132 plant communities with two levels of plant diversity, crossed with treatments based on 10 global change factors (nitrogen deposition, soil salinity, drought, plant invasion, simulated grazing, oil pollution, plastics pollution, antibiotics pollution, heavy metal pollution, and pesticide pollution). All global change factors negatively impacted ecosystem multifunctionality, but negative impacts were stronger in high compared with low diversity plant communities. We explored potential mechanisms for this unexpected result, finding that the inhibition of selection effects (i.e., selection for plant species associated with high ecosystem functioning) contributed to sensitivity of ecosystem multifunctionality to global change. Specifically, global change factors decreased the abundance of novel functional plants (i.e., legumes) in high but not low diversity plant communities. The negative impacts of global change on ecosystem multifunctionality were also mediated by increased relative abundance of fungal plant pathogens (identified from metabarcoding of soil samples) and their negative relationship with the abundance of novel functional plants. Taken together, our experiment highlights the importance of protecting high diversity plant communities and legumes, and managing fungal pathogens, to the maintenance of ecosystem multifunctionality in the face of complex global change.
Stochastic processes limit the effect of organic fertilizer application on soil bacterial community composition in salt marsh Suaeda salsa. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2024, 441: 141034.
